The complex resembles the Potala Palace, dividing into red palace and white palace. It is associated with the Bodong and Shangpa Kagyu schools of Tibetan Buddhism.
Samding is the seat of Dorje Pakmo, the consort of the wrathful deity Heruka, who was the highest female incarnation in Tibet, and the third highest-ranking person in the lamaist hierarchy after the Dalai Lama and the Panchen Lama.